The dining etiquette in China and the West (I take this as Europe, where I am in now) is very different.

Round table or square table?
The Chinese prefer a round table. According to Dalai Lama, this is a symbol of union - the extension of the concept of one big family. When you sit at a round table, everybody can see each other and can communicate with each other.

While in the West, it is normally a square or a rectangular  table. This shows the different values of Western society, which is more small-unit oriented.

Quiet or bustling?
One vivid memory I had regarding the dining etiquette was in a small hotel in. Although the breakfast room was quite small, you could hardly hear what people said. They were all whispering. The loudest noise came when my knife cut through the sunny-side up egg and touched the plate. PINGED.

Chinese like bustling. When Chinese go to eat in a restaurant, they are so happy to meet friends or family members they sometimes just get too carried away.

The picture is totally different.

Signs
How to communicate in the restaurant, it is also different.

Pre-meal drink
Western way: always have a pre-meal drink with the group, either in the same restaurant 's cocktail bar or meet somewhere else first
Chinese way: no pre-meal drink. Meet at the table in the restaurant

How to tell if you are ready to order?
Western way: close the menu and wait for a waiter to come.
Chinese way: summon a waiter   

Who to order first?
Western way: will let the ladies order first or sometimes the man will order for his partner.
Chinese way: normally a man will order everything.

How is the food to be served?
Western way: normally 3 courses - starter, main course and dessert - one after another
Chinese way: all come at the same time and put on the table. Normally the Chinese will order a lot! 

Wine
Western way: will order white wine to go with white meat or fish and red wine for red meat.
Chinese way: no set way. But the Chinese always like to toast before or in the middle of the meal.

How do you tell the waiter you are finished?
Western way: will put the knife and fork in a " 6 o'clock " position. If you are not finished, you put the knife and fork in a cross position.
Chinese way: just tell the waiter.

Who will pay?
Western way: if it is for dating, the man. If it is a group, all contribute.
Chinese way: if it is for dating, the man. If it is a business meal, the men will always fight to pay for it all. If it is a casual meal, sometimes the men will fight to pay too and sometimes all contribute. But I would say to fight to pay for the total bill is quite a normal practice in Chinese culture. Whoever pays has "face".
Notes: In some of the posh French restaurants, there is no price list on the menu given to the women.

Dress code
Western way: there are usually guidelines for dress code in restaurants and Westerners will always follow.
Chinese way: most Chinese restaurants are quite casual about it.

Finishing Off
One big difference in dining etiquette is finishing the food on the plate. Westerners always finish everything on the plate. This is to show respect to the chef. While the Chinese will always leave something in the middle of the table, where all the food is placed. This is to show that they have more than enough and give respect to the host.